Hoosiers by the Numbers

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Indiana

Became the 19th state in 1816

State Capital: Indianapolis

Largest City: Indianapolis Consolidated (2024 population: 900,896)

Population per Square Mile: 193.3

Square Miles: 35,826.1

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Population over TimeNumber
Yesterday (2020)6,785,528
Today (2024)6,924,275
Tomorrow (2030 projection)*7,013,509
Percent Change 2020 to Today2.0%

*Projection based on 2020 Census population estimates.
Sources: U.S. Census Bureau; Indiana Business Research Center

Components of Population Change, 2023-2024Number
Net Domestic Migration4,268
Net International Migration30,852
Natural Increase (births minus deaths)9,159

Source: U.S. Census Bureau

Population Estimates by Age, 2024NumberIndiana Pct.
Distribution
Preschool (0 to 4)405,8965.9%
School Age (5 to 17)1,180,19017.0%
College Age (18 to 24)672,5979.7%
Young Adult (25 to 44)1,795,39925.9%
Older Adult (45 to 64)1,656,28323.9%
Seniors (65 and older)1,213,91017.5%
Median Age38.3 

Sources: U.S. Census Bureau; Indiana Business Research Center

Population Estimates by Race or Hispanic Origin, 2024NumberIndiana Pct.
Distribution
American Ind. or Alaskan Native Alone34,2190.5%
Asian Alone214,4303.1%
Black Alone735,66110.6%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pac. Isl. Alone6,0260.1%
White Alone5,759,67983.2%
Two or More Race Groups174,2602.5%
Hispanic or Latino Origin (can be of any race)  
Non-Hispanic6,293,26190.9%
Hispanic631,0149.1%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau

Household TypesNumberIndiana Pct.
Distribution
Households in 2023 (Includes detail not shown below)2,681,537100%
Married With Children485,67018.1%
Married Without Children786,09029.3%
Single Parents238,2608.9%
Living Alone794,12029.6%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates.

HousingNumberIndiana Pct.
Distribution
Total Housing Units in 2024 (estimate)3,026,199100%
Total Housing Units in 2023 (includes detail not shown below)2,953,344100%
Owner Occupied
(Pct. distribution based on all housing units)		1,886,48563.9%
Median Value (2023)$201,600
Renter Occupied
(Pct. distribution based on all housing units)		795,05226.9%
Median Rent (2023)$811

Source: U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates.

EducationNumberIndiana Pct.
Distribution
School Enrollment (2024/2025 Total Reported)1,132,621100%
Public1,033,55291.3%
Adults (25+ in 2023 ACS)4,559,304  
with High School diploma or higher90.2%  
with B.A. or higher degree28.8%  

Sources: Indiana Department of Education; U.S. Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates.

Income and PovertyNumber
Per Capita Personal Income (annual) in 2023$61,243
Median Household Income in 2023$69,458
Poverty Rate in 202312.2%
Poverty Rate among Children under 1815.1%
Welfare (TANF) Monthly Average Families in 20244,813
Food Stamp Recipients in 2024608,295
Free and Reduced Fee Lunch Recipients in 2024/2025488,145

Sources: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis; U.S. Census Bureau; Indiana Family Social Services Administration; Indiana Department of Education

Health and Vital StatisticsNumber
Births, 202179,946
Births to Teens, 20213,845
Deaths, 201966,005

Source: Indiana State Department of Health

Labor Force, 2024Number
Total Resident Labor Force3,455,992
Employed3,310,992
Unemployed145,000
Annual Unemployment Rate4.2
May 2025 Unemployment Rate3.4

Source: STATS Indiana, using data from the Indiana Department of Workforce Development

Employment and Earnings by Industry, 2023 EmploymentIndiana Pct.
Distribution		Earnings ($000)Indiana Pct.
Distribution		Avg. Earnings Per Job
Total by place of work4,140,665100.0%$290,174,869100.0%$70,079
Wage and Salary3,281,89379.3%$201,840,67969.6%$61,501
Farm Proprietors47,5751.1%$3,171,9231.1%$66,672
Nonfarm Proprietors811,19719.6%$41,678,52214.4%$51,379
Farm57,3271.4%$3,814,5091.3%$66,539
Nonfarm4,083,33898.6%$286,360,36098.7%$70,129
Private3,652,62188.2%$254,823,36387.8%$69,765
  Accommodation, Food Serv.285,0296.9%$8,802,8413.0%$30,884
  Arts, Ent., Recreation70,5081.7%$2,409,0560.8%$34,167
  Construction230,1735.6%$19,019,1406.6%$82,630
  Health Care, Social Serv.459,81911.1%$36,323,44212.5%$78,995
  Information39,8711.0%$3,104,2061.1%$77,856
  Manufacturing557,86013.5%$52,995,76818.3%$94,998
  Professional, Tech. Serv.213,4385.2%$19,559,9446.7%$91,642
  Retail Trade393,0589.5%$15,806,9525.4%$40,215
  Trans., Warehousing254,5586.1%$14,234,6924.9%$55,919
  Wholesale Trade141,4043.4%$15,346,9305.3%$108,533
  Other Private (not above)986,543*23.8%*$67,220,392*23.2%*$68,137*
Government430,71710.4%$31,536,99710.9%$73,220

Source: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis
* These totals do not include county data that are not available due to BEA non-disclosure requirements.

Residential Building Permits, 2024UnitsIndiana Pct.
Distribution		Cost($000)
Total Permits Filed26,633100.0%$8,133,071
Single-Family20,08275.4%$6,951,719
2-Family5161.9%$100,498
3- and 4-Family2100.8%$45,624
5+ Family5,82521.9%1,035,231

Notes: Detail cost may not sum to total due to rounding. Greene County does not currently issue building permits, so it is excluded.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau

Largest Cities and Towns in Indiana (35,000+):

NamePopulation
in 2024		Percent of State
Anderson55,8510.8%
Bloomington79,9861.2%
Carmel103,6061.5%
Columbus51,9700.8%
Crown Point35,0970.5%
Elkhart53,6900.8%
Evansville115,3951.7%
Fishers103,9861.5%
Fort Wayne273,2033.9%
Gary67,5551.0%
Greenwood68,1751.0%
Hammond76,0301.1%
Indianapolis891,48412.9%
Jeffersonville52,9120.8%
Kokomo60,0930.9%
Lafayette71,7571.0%
Lawrence49,8170.7%
Merrillville36,9890.5%
Mishawaka51,0200.7%
Muncie65,3200.9%
New Albany37,6520.5%
Noblesville75,2391.1%
Plainfield37,7960.5%
Portage38,5760.6%
Richmond35,5610.5%
South Bend103,7131.5%
Terre Haute58,5310.8%
Valparaiso35,0650.5%
West Lafayette46,3380.7%
Westfield62,9940.9%

Source: U.S. Census Bureau annual population estimates

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